Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts is a 16.3-acre (6.6 ha) complex of buildings in the Lincoln Square Lincoln Square is the name of both a square and the surrounding neighborhood within the Upper West Side of the New York City borough of Manhattan. Lincoln Square is centered around the intersection of Broadway and Columbus Avenue, between West 65th and West 66th streets and has the 66th Street–Lincoln Center subway station. It is anchored by neighborhood of New York City New York is the most populous city in the United States, and the center of the New York metropolitan area, which is one of the most populous metropolitan areas in the world. A leading global city, New York exerts a powerful influence over global commerce, finance, media, culture, art, fashion, research, education, and entertainment. As host of the's Upper West Side The Upper West Side is a neighborhood of the borough of Manhattan in New York City that lies between Central Park and the Hudson River above West 59th Street and below West 125th Street. It encompasses the neighborhood of Morningside Heights.
Contents |
Tenant organizations
Lincoln Center serves as home for 12 arts organizations:
History and facilities
A consortium of civic leaders and others led by, and under the initiative of John D. Rockefeller III, built Lincoln Center as part of the "Lincoln Square Renewal Project" during Robert Moses' Robert Moses was the "master builder" of mid-20th century New York City, Long Island, and Westchester County, New York. As the shaper of a modern city, he is sometimes compared to Baron Haussmann of Second Empire Paris, and is one of the most polarizing figures in the history of urban planning in the United States. He changed shorelines, program of urban renewal Urban renewal is a program of land redevelopment in areas of moderate to high density urban land use. Renewal has had both successes and failures. Its modern incarnation began in the late 19th century in developed nations and experienced an intense phase in the late 1940s – under the rubric of reconstruction. The process has had a major impact in the 1950s and 1960s.[1] Seventeen blocks of ethnic tenement neighborhoods were demolished through eminent domain, forcing out 7,000 families.[2] Respected architects were contacted to design the major buildings on the site and over the next thirty years the previously blighted area around Lincoln Center became a new cultural hub.[2] Rockefeller was Lincoln Center's inaugural president from 1956 and became its chairman in 1961. He is credited with raising more than half of the $184.5 million in private funds needed to build the complex, including drawing on his own funds; the Rockefeller Brothers Fund also contributed to the project.[1]
Avery Fisher Hall, home of the New York Philharmonic The New York Philharmonic is a symphony orchestra based in New York City in the United States. It is one of the American orchestras commonly referred to as the "Big Five". The Philharmonic's home is Avery Fisher Hall, located in New York's Lincoln Center in Lincoln Center.The first structure to be completed and occupied as part of this renewal was the Fordham Law School of Fordham University Fordham University is a private university in the United States, with three campuses located in and around New York City. It was founded by the Roman Catholic Diocese of New York in 1841 as St. John's College, placed in the care of the Society of Jesus shortly thereafter, and has since become an independent institution under a lay Board of in 1962. Located between Columbus Ninth Avenue / Columbus Avenue is a southbound thoroughfare on the West Side of Manhattan in New York City. Traffic runs downtown along its full length. In 2008 the portion between 31st and 14th Streets was remodeled with a bicycle lane between the western curb and the parking lane and Amsterdam Avenues, from West 60th to West 66th Street on the Upper West Side The Upper West Side is a neighborhood of the borough of Manhattan in New York City that lies between Central Park and the Hudson River above West 59th Street and below West 125th Street. It encompasses the neighborhood of Morningside Heights of Manhattan Manhattan is one of the five boroughs of New York City. Located primarily on Manhattan Island at the mouth of the Hudson River, the boundaries of the borough are identical to those of New York County, an original county of the state of New York. It consists of Manhattan Island and several small adjacent islands: Roosevelt Island, Randall's Island,, the Lincoln Center complex was the first gathering of major cultural institutions into a centralized location in an American city.
Lincoln Center cultural institutions also make use of facilities located away from the main campus. In 2004 Lincoln Center was expanded through the addition of Jazz at Lincoln Center Jazz at Lincoln Center is part of Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts. JALC's performing arts complex, Frederick P. Rose Hall, is located at West 60th Street and Broadway in New York City, slightly south of the main Lincoln Center campus and directly adjacent to Columbus Circle. Frederick P. Rose Hall is housed inside the Time Warner Center's newly built facilities (Frederick P. Rose Hall) at the new Time Warner Center The Time Warner Center is a mixed-use skyscraper developed by The Related Companies in New York City. Its design, by David Childs of Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, consists of two 750 ft towers bridged by a multi-story atrium containing upscale retail shops. Construction began in November 2000, following the demolition of the New York Coliseum,, located a few blocks to the south. In March 2006 Lincoln Center launched construction on a major redevelopment plan that will modernize, renovate, and open up the Lincoln Center campus in time for its 50th anniversary celebration in 2009.
The David H. Koch Theater at Lincoln Center, home of the New York City Opera The New York City Opera is an American opera company and the second largest opera company, after the Metropolitan Opera, in New York City. The company was founded in 1943 with the aim of making opera financially accessible to a wide audience, producing an innovative choice of repertory, and providing a home for American singers and composers. In and New York City Ballet New York City Ballet is a ballet company founded in 1948 by choreographer George Balanchine and Lincoln Kirstein with musical director Leon Barzin and with founding choreographers Balanchine and Jerome Robbins. City Ballet grew out of earlier troupes: the Producing Company of the School of American Ballet, 1934; the American Ballet, 1935, and.Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts, Inc. is one of the 12 resident organization listed above, and serves three primary roles: presenter of artistic programming, national leader in arts and education and community relations, and manager of the Lincoln Center campus. As a presenter of more than 400 events annually, its programs include American Songbook, Great Performers, Lincoln Center Festival, Lincoln Center Out of Doors, Midsummer Night Swing, the Mostly Mozart Festival, and the Emmy Award-winning Live From Lincoln Center.
In July 2006, LCPA announced it will join with publishing company John Wiley & Sons, Inc. to publish at least 15 books, which will focus on performing arts, and will draw on Lincoln Center Institute’s educational background and archives.[3]
In March 2006, and continuing through 2010, Lincoln Center launched the 65th Street Project--part of a major redevelopment plan--to create a new pedestrian promenade designed to improve accessibility and the aesthetics of that area of the campus. Subsequent projects were added which addressed improvements to the main plazas and Columbus Avenue Grand Entrance. Diller Scofidio + Renfro are the designers in association with FX Fowle Architects and Beyer Blinder Belle Architects. Turner Construction Company and the RC Dolner Company are the Construction Managers for the projects. [4][5]
Performance facilities
Auditorium of the Metropolitan Opera House at Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts Interior of the David H. Koch Theater- Alice Tully Hall: 1,095-seat concert hall located within the Juilliard School The Juilliard School, located at the Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts in New York City, United States, is a performing arts conservatory. It is informally identified as simply Juilliard, and trains about 800 undergraduate and graduate students in dance, drama, and music building; home stage of The Chamber Music Society of Lincoln Center.
- Avery Fisher Hall: 2,738-seat symphony hall; home stage of the New York Philharmonic The New York Philharmonic is a symphony orchestra based in New York City in the United States. It is one of the American orchestras commonly referred to as the "Big Five". The Philharmonic's home is Avery Fisher Hall, located in New York's Lincoln Center; formerly Philharmonic Hall
- The Metropolitan Opera House: 3,900-seat opera house; home stage of the Metropolitan Opera The Metropolitan Opera Association of New York City, founded in April 1880, is a major presenter of all types of opera including Grand Opera. Peter Gelb is the company's general manager. The music director is James Levine. This is the second Metropolitan Opera House; the original one opened in 1883 and was demolished in 1966, the year of the opening of the new Metropolitan Opera facilities at Lincoln Center.
- David H. Koch Theater: 2,713-seat theater; originally known as the New York State Theater and constructed to be the home of the New York City Ballet New York City Ballet is a ballet company founded in 1948 by choreographer George Balanchine and Lincoln Kirstein with musical director Leon Barzin and with founding choreographers Balanchine and Jerome Robbins. City Ballet grew out of earlier troupes: the Producing Company of the School of American Ballet, 1934; the American Ballet, 1935, and, now also serves as home to the New York City Opera The New York City Opera is an American opera company and the second largest opera company, after the Metropolitan Opera, in New York City. The company was founded in 1943 with the aim of making opera financially accessible to a wide audience, producing an innovative choice of repertory, and providing a home for American singers and composers. In. Many Broadway musicals have also been revived there.
- Vivian Beaumont Theater: 1,080-seat Broadway Broadway theatre, commonly called simply Broadway, refers to theatrical performances presented in one of the 40 large professional theaters with 500 seats or more located in the Theatre District, New York in Manhattan, New York City. Along with London's West End theatre, Broadway theatre is usually considered to represent the highest level of-style theater operated since 1985 as the main stage of Lincoln Center Theater The Vivian Beaumont Theater is a legitimate theater located in the Lincoln Center complex at 150 West 65th Street on the Upper West Side of Manhattan. The structure was designed by Finnish American architect Eero Saarinen, and Jo Mielziner was responsible for the interior design. Previously occupied by The Repertory Theater of Lincoln Center (1965-1973) and The New York Shakespeare Festival (1973-1977).
- Mitzi E. Newhouse Theater (originally known as the Forum): intimate 299-seat theater operated by Lincoln Center Theater for its Off-Broadway Off Broadway theater is an umbrella term for a defined set of plays, musicals or revues performed in New York City but outside the definition of Broadway theatre-style productions. See Mitzi E. Newhouse Theater at the Internet off-Broadway Database for a list of productions in the venue.
- The Walter Reade Theatre: 268-seat movie theater; used by the Film Society of Lincoln Center; features a raised dais used for post-screening filmmaker discussions.
- Jazz at Lincoln Center Jazz at Lincoln Center is part of Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts. JALC's performing arts complex, Frederick P. Rose Hall, is located at West 60th Street and Broadway in New York City, slightly south of the main Lincoln Center campus and directly adjacent to Columbus Circle. Frederick P. Rose Hall is housed inside the Time Warner Center, while a part of Lincoln Center, is located separately in the Frederick P. Rose Hall complex within the Time Warner Center The Time Warner Center is a mixed-use skyscraper developed by The Related Companies in New York City. Its design, by David Childs of Skidmore, Owings & Merrill, consists of two 750 ft towers bridged by a multi-story atrium containing upscale retail shops. Construction began in November 2000, following the demolition of the New York Coliseum, at Columbus Circle. It consists of the following performance and related facilities:
- The Allen Room: 508-seat amphitheater with 50-foot (15 m) glass wall overlooking Central Park Central Park is a public urban park in the heart of Manhattan in New York City. It is visited by approximately twenty-five million visitors each year. Central Park was first opened in 1857, on 770 acres of city owned land. In 1858 Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux on a design competition to improve and expand the park with a plan they; part of Jazz at Lincoln Center Jazz at Lincoln Center is part of Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts. JALC's performing arts complex, Frederick P. Rose Hall, is located at West 60th Street and Broadway in New York City, slightly south of the main Lincoln Center campus and directly adjacent to Columbus Circle. Frederick P. Rose Hall is housed inside the Time Warner Center's facilities.
- Dizzy's Club Coca-Cola: nightclub-style venue in the Jazz at Lincoln Center facility; allows jazz to be performed in its traditional venue.
- Rose Theater: 1,094-seat concert hall designed for jazz performances.
- Irene Diamond Education Center: rehearsal, recording, and classroom facility at Jazz at Lincoln Center
Other associated and local theatres and facilities
- Church of St. Ignatius Loyola: Roman Catholic Church The Catholic Church, also known as the Roman Catholic Church, is the world's largest Christian church, with more than a billion members. The Church's leader is the Pope who holds supreme authority in concert with the College of Bishops of which he is the head. A communion of the Western church and 22 autonomous Eastern Catholic churches (called located on Park Avenue Park Avenue is a wide boulevard that carries north and southbound traffic in New York City borough of Manhattan. Through most of its length, it runs parallel to Madison Avenue to the west and Lexington Avenue to the east between 83rd and 84th Streets on the Upper East Side The Upper East Side is a neighborhood in the borough of Manhattan in New York City, between Central Park and the East River. The Upper East Side lies within an area bounded by 59th Street, 96th Street, Central Park and the East River. Once known as the 'Silk Stocking District', it has in recent times retained its position as the most affluent area; used by Lincoln Center for its great acoustics and its pipe organ (allowing expanded organ repertoire, since the Metropolitan Opera House and Alice Tully Hall are the only Lincoln Center venues with a pipe organ)[neutrality is disputed]
- Clark Studio Theater: 120-seat dance theater; part of the facilities of the Lincoln Center Institute for the Arts in Education
- Damrosch Park: outdoor amphitheater with bowl-style stage known as the Guggenheim Band Shell, used for free Lincoln Center Out of Doors presentations
- Daniel and Joanna S. Rose Rehearsal Studio: rehearsal studio of The Chamber Music Society of Lincoln Center
- The Gerald W. Lynch Theater at John Jay College: theater at John Jay College of Criminal Justice; used for the Lincoln Center Festival and Great Performers series
- Josie Robertson Plaza: central plaza of Lincoln Center featuring its iconic fountain; the three main buildings (Metropolitan Opera House, Avery Fisher Hall, and David H. Koch Theater) face onto this plaza; used as an outdoor venue during Midsummer Night Swing and Lincoln Center Out of Doors presentations
- Juilliard School The Juilliard School, located at the Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts in New York City, United States, is a performing arts conservatory. It is informally identified as simply Juilliard, and trains about 800 undergraduate and graduate students in dance, drama, and music: facility housing the school of the same name; building also incorporates Alice Tully Hall, Morse Recital Hall, Paul Recital Hall, the Juilliard Drama Theater, and the Peter J. Sharp Theater
- Peter J. Sharp Theater
- Morse Recital Hall: recital hall within the Juilliard School
- New York Public Library for the Performing Arts The New York Public Library is one of the leading public libraries of the world and is one of the United States's most significant research libraries. It is composed of a very large circulating public library system combined with a very large non-lending research library system. It is simultaneously one of the largest public library systems in the
- Paul Recital Hall: recital hall within the Juilliard School
- Pope Auditorium: theater located in Leon Lowenstein Hall of Fordham University Fordham University is a private university in the United States, with three campuses located in and around New York City. It was founded by the Roman Catholic Diocese of New York in 1841 as St. John's College, placed in the care of the Society of Jesus shortly thereafter, and has since become an independent institution under a lay Board of's Lincoln Center campus (located across West 62nd Street from Lincoln Center)
- Stanley H. Kaplan Penthouse: nightclub-style venue; used for intimate concerts, “Meet the Artist” and Great Performers events, lectures, and other events where a small, intimate space is preferred; was also used for jazz performances prior to the construction of the new Jazz at Lincoln Center facilities
Resident organizations
Lincoln Center houses several cultural companies and institutions, including:
Architects
Architects who designed buildings at Lincoln Center include:
- Max Abramovitz: Avery Fisher Hall
- Pietro Belluschi: The Juilliard School The Juilliard School, located at the Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts in New York City, United States, is a performing arts conservatory. It is informally identified as simply Juilliard, and trains about 800 undergraduate and graduate students in dance, drama, and music (including Alice Tully Hall)
- Gordon Bunshaft: The New York Public Library for the Performing Arts The New York Public Library is one of the leading public libraries of the world and is one of the United States's most significant research libraries. It is composed of a very large circulating public library system combined with a very large non-lending research library system. It is simultaneously one of the largest public library systems in the
- Wallace Harrison Wallace Kirkman Harrison , was an American twentieth-century architect: Master plan & Metropolitan Opera House
- Philip Johnson Philip Cortelyou Johnson was an influential American architect. With his thick, round-framed glasses, Johnson was the most recognizable figure in American architecture for decades: New York State Theater, now known as the David H. Koch Theater
- Eero Saarinen: Vivian Beaumont Theater
Historical events
- April 21, 1955: Lincoln Square designated for urban renewal.
- June 22, 1956: Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts, Inc. incorporated.
- May 14, 1959: Ground breaking ceremony with President Dwight D. Eisenhower.
- September 23, 1962: Philharmonic Hall (now Avery Fisher Hall) opened. A two-hour live CBS special, Opening Night at Lincoln Center, preserved the event on videotape.
- April 6, 1964: Lincoln Center Fountain opened.
- April 23, 1964: New York State Theater opened.
- October 14, 1965: Vivian Beaumont Theater and the Forum (now Mitzi E. Newhouse Theater) opened.
- November 30, 1965: The Library & Museum of the Performing Arts opened.
- September 16, 1966: The Metropolitan Opera House opened.
- May 22, 1969: Damrosch Park and the Guggenheim Band Shell opened.
- September 11, 1969: Alice Tully Hall opened.
- October 26, 1969: Juilliard School opened.
- October 19, 1976: Avery Fisher Hall re-opened after renovation to improve acoustics.
- December 4, 1981: The Big Apple Circus performed at its winter home in Damrosch Park for the first time. The circus has performed every winter at Lincoln Center ever since.
- September 7, 1982: New York State Theater re-opened after renovation to improve acoustics.
- September 2, 1986: Former Jewish Defense League National Chairman Victor Vancier throws a tear gas grenade during a performance of Soviet ballet in the Metropolitan Opera House as a protest against the Soviet practice of not letting its Jews emigrate to Israel.
- November 19, 1990: The Samuel B. and David Rose Building opened; houses the Walter Reade Theater, the Stanley H. Kaplan Penthouse, the Daniel and Joanna S. Rose Rehearsal Studio, the Clark Studio Theater, and Juilliard School student residences, as well as office space for a number of the member organizations.
- December 3, 1991: The Walter Reade Theater opened within the previously completed Samuel B. and David Rose Building.
- July 12, 1997: The Paul Milstein Plaza dedicated.
- October 18, 2004: Jazz at Lincoln Center opened.
- March 2006: Preliminary construction on the West 65th Street Project begins
- June 8, 2006: Plans for Lincoln Center to transform the nearby Harmony Atrium into a public space for the arts open to the public, neighbors, students, and Lincoln Center patrons are announced.
- June 12, 2006: The Lincoln Center Promenade initiative to revitalize Lincoln Center's Columbus Avenue frontage and the iconic Josie Robertson Plaza is unveiled.
- August 20, 2006: Paul Milstein Plaza dismantled as part of 65th Street Redevelopment project.
- May 21, 2010: Renovation of central and north plazas unveiled.[6]
See also
- List of museums and cultural institutions in New York City
- John D. Rockefeller III
- Jazz at Lincoln Center
- Essentially Ellington High School Jazz Band Competition and Festival
Notes
- ^ a b Rockefeller Philanthropy: Lincoln Center
- ^ a b Roth, Leland M. "American Architecture: A History", Westview Press, 2001.
- ^ Kimberly Maul, "Wiley and Lincoln Center Dance Together", The Book Standard website, July 27, 2006
- ^ Robin Pogrebin, "Glimpsing The Future On 65th St", The New York Times, August 17, 2006
- ^ "Transforming Lincoln Center" on Lincoln Center website
- ^ Nicolai Ouroussoff, "The Greening of Lincoln Center", The New York Times, May 21, 2010
Further reading
- Young, Edgar B. Lincoln Center: The Building of an Institution. New York: New York University Press, 1980.
External links
| Wikimedia Commons has media related to: Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts |
- Lincoln Center official website
- Lincoln Center for the Performing Arts on Twitter
- Alice Tully Hall on NYC ARTS
Coordinates: 40°46′20″N 73°59′00″W / 40.772311°N 73.983403°W
Categories: Performing arts centers in New York | Culture of Manhattan | Buildings and monuments honoring American Presidents | Institutions founded by the Rockefeller family | Landmarks in Manhattan | Music venues in Manhattan | Robert Moses projects | Fordham University
|